目前，異種肝移植還處于研究階段，無論是一致性異種供肝還是相異性異種供肝，均存在不同程度的體液排異反應(yīng)問題。采用抗體清除、補(bǔ)體激活相關(guān)的炎性拮抗劑等各種治療措施，以及用免疫抑制劑抑制細(xì)胞介導(dǎo)的排異反應(yīng)，這些方法在理論上應(yīng)該是可行的，但免疫排異的問題還需繼續(xù)進(jìn)一步研究。另外，供體動(dòng)物所攜帶的病原微生物是否會(huì)導(dǎo)致受體發(fā)病以及是否會(huì)傳染給其他人，也是一個(gè)需要繼續(xù)研究的問題。如果豬作為供體成為現(xiàn)實(shí)的話，那么研究和選擇健康的無特異病原的（specific pathogenic-free)豬也是一個(gè)值得進(jìn)一步重視的課題[18]。
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