術前月經失調(閉經、月經量少、不規(guī)則出血等),術后8-9個月后可以恢復正常。肝移植術后懷孕生育也時有報道[49]。有人認為,肝移植術后女性完全可以恢復正常的生育能力,但早產和剖宮產的概率較高。在懷孕期間,免疫抑制應該正常使用,但要注意監(jiān)測。至目前為止,還沒有致畸的報道。懷孕及生育不會增加排異反應的危險[50]。由于口服避孕藥會增加血液粘稠度,加重高血壓及藥物之間的反應,故肝移植術后病人不宜使用口服避孕藥。
肝移植術后對男性生育能力的影響還未見報道。由于肝移植病人的下一代均未到生育年齡,因此對下一代生育能力有無影響也未見報道。
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